Internal-combustion-engine valve.



Patented 001:. 6, 1914.

sHEBTs-SHBET 1.

'Im/@wbr I G. F. GILLETTE. NAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.1913.

ummm dmllnmn' I N T E R ///7llllll\ @engaa/ms M9 G. F. GILLETTE. INTERNAL CoMBUsToN ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, w13.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. P. GILLETTE. INTERNAL COMBUSTIDNl ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, 1913.

G E'. GLLETTE. INTERNA; GOMBUsToN ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION, .FILED JUNE 5, 1913.

Patnted 9ct. 6, 19%.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FC5/vie C U75: fff/ Lf] 'ff G. P. GILiBTTE.v

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, 19,13.

5 SHEETS-SHEET `5.

au@ a Tm/enfer Patgntea ot. '6, 1914.

. To all whom it may concern:

' Ln'rTE, a citizen of the United States, resid- UNITED STT S prima# onions.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIGN-ENGINE VALVE.

Beit known that I, GEORGE FRANCIS GIL- ing at os Angeles, in the county oit' Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in lnternal- Combustiomngine Valves, ofwhichA the following is al specification.

This invention relates to valves for pressure motors otanyicharacter; to valves for piston and cylinder engines and particularly Ior internal combustion engines.

The' fundamental conception of my invention consists in the provision or', a rotary single plate valve adapted to completely and efticiently control and cause the operation of the motor; and a secondary conception of my invention comprises the provision of a single rotary valve construction for a plurality of cylinders, one valve controlling and causing the operation of a number of cylinders of the engine.

The preferred form of my invention, as I now embody it in. mechanical construction, comprises 'the provision of a single valve for a number of cylinders, up to three or four, or possibly six; and I will herein eX- pla-in my invention as it is applied to an internal combustion engine of three cylinders and of four cylinders, the other arrangements being easily deducible from these arrangements, and other applications of my valve construction being easily inerred from the following specific descr-iptions of its application in combinationwith an in ternal combustion engine.

v There areinumerous objects' ofmy invenj tion but, thfemosti-important ones lmay be stated. as follows: 'to provide a simple alrrangementfwherein'the number of parte is f reducedto.;a.n1 inimumand wherein simple uniform 'rotary .motion takes the place et the complicated ymotions.novvtin general use n valve ,constructions for-internal combustion engin es and provide'I ai' lvalve construction-and. action which materially increases; the effective power which maybe obtained from an engineot given dimensions.

Other objects following from or con tributing to these main objects will appear throughout the following detailed specication.

I have shown my preferred forms of con?r4 Specification of Lettersatent.

Application led June 5, 1913.

Patented Oct. 6, i914.

serial no. 771,942.

struction in the accompanying drawings, in which: y

Figure l is a side elevation showing my invention as applied to a three cylinder engine.` Fig. 2 is a central vertical-section taken as indica-ted by line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizont-al section showing the details of the valve construction and taken indicated by line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4E is a top view of the valve arrangement. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the application of my invention to a four cylinder engine and showing various modifications. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the form shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a view vSimilar to Figs. 3 and 5 showing the application of a modified form of valve to a three cylinder arranoement. Figz 8 is a section taken as indicated byline 8 8 of Fig. 7.

In the preferred form of my invention shown in the accompanying drawings, the numeral 10k may designate a suitable crank case, on which the several cylinders 11 are mounted, the crank shaft 12 being mounted in suitable bearings 13' and having thereon, in the form of Figs. l to 4, three cranks la, le and le preferably arranged as is best shown in Fig. 2. The cylinders 11 are best set in the general lrelative vpositions shown in the drawings, in such manner that their upper or head ends'are arranged vsymmetrically about a central vertical axis, and so that the axes of thecylinders make equal angles with a vertical plane assing through the center of the crank sha-. 'Each of the cylinders points directly at the crank shaft; that-inthe axis of each cylinder intersects the crankY sha-ft axis. The appearance of the cylinders inthisy arrangement is that of beingarranged on a sharp angled V.. This peculiar arrangement of the cylinders enables' me to serve'a'll'threc cylinders with a single valve construction, and, at the same time, to have direct, simple iand eicient connection between the pistons and cranks. .The cylinders are preferably cast close togetber as a single casting; and at the head ends of ,the vcylinders there is cast a common head plate 20 which forms the base uponwhich the rotary valve plate 21 revolves. 'Ellis rotary valve plate is pret- Ierahly a simple flat plate having therethrough an exhaust port 22 and an intake grecs movement to register with the cylin der intake port. el of the saine cylinder; the

lpiston 9b of this cylinder 1lb is at its uppermost point, the crank 14 and the connecting rod 8b being in a straight line. The exhaust is Within five degrees of completely closing; and the intake is Within ten-degrees of beginning to open. Further rotationof the valve will cause its exhaust port 22 to neXt reach the cylinder exhaust port of cylin er ll", the exhaust {or this cylinder lbeginning then to opengivhen the' crank 14 is lWithin 40 .degrees firoin-vitsi'loiverniost po-A sition; that is, Within tl0-degfreesfoi? .the position in Which the piston'is'at its loiverinost,

point of stroke. Another one-third trevolution of the valve, or two-thirds revolution of;-

i the crank sha-lit, will bring the valve .exhaust port22 into registryfvvitli exhaust port-40 of cylinder lla; and it will be seen that such an amount or revolution will carry the crank la to a position i0 degrees before coming to. its loiverniost position, or where its piston is at the loiverinost point of its stroke. The closing 0i the exhaust7 and the opening andclosing of the intake for each of the cylin ders will follow in thesaine sequence, and, at the saine time, a complete cycle ot-valve operation will take place for each trio revo, liitions Aof the c ank shaft. t is'thiis seenl thateecli cylinder performs a complete cycle of` operation upon every two revolutions of the crank shaft, and that there are three eX- plosioi. periods in the Whole engine during l 'each tivo revolutions of the crank shaft.

have first explained iny three cylinder arrangement because of the simplicity of A.my valve construction thereto, and for the Vreason that the principles involved are un- A ljdainentallyrthoss which are involved in the adapt-atieoiflniy valve to any number of cylinders." oneier tivo-y cylinder arrangemeiit'is--niade' by? simply `.taking vtoro or one .cylinders array/*freni the three cylinder er1 rangement; tl e: four cylinder arrangement 'will I'beffideecribed; any* .arrangement containing-.a multiplie o ltliesefniiaibers or. cyl- Laders may be lhad fby incre duplicatie-in'v for instancea six cylinderengineibein@ .only

tivo Vthree cylinder or three tivocylinder engines aggregated.v

It is seen that in thethree cylinder arl'.- rangement there is siiilicient angular space.

' of ports and to rotate .the valve correspondingly'inore slowly. For application to an "engine of loiircylinders, the simplest forni of valve contains three sets of valveports t' in general, .if v"thenumber of cylinders be even .then the number of sets ofvalve ports must be odd to obtain uniformly successive lirings of .the'diil'erent cylinders; and, on .7o

lto an yarrangement lWhere one setof lvalve ports will Suce, as With an arrangement of three 'cylinders 0r less. The general principles and particular 'reason underlyingv these features of my construction will become more readily apparent in the clescription of iny valve construction as applied to a oiir cylinder arrangement. .ln

the application of my valve construction to a .four cylinder arrangement, as l have -shovvn .in Figs` 5 and 6, l have indicated k:the four cylinders lla, lle, llf and 11g ar' ranged with their head ends symmetrically around the vertical axisof vertical. valve shaft Qld; the arrangement being practically the saine as the three cylinder arrangement except that there are four' cylinders to be arranged about the central vertical axis instead of three as before. The angular distancebetiveen successive cylinder ports as measured about the vertical axisv of the valve ,shaft tad, is Aonly 90 degrees; and would be only'lSO degrees of crank shaft rotation if the valve Were rotated at 0nehalf the speed of the crank shaft and if the valve had only one set of ports as in the three cylinder arrangen'ient. i8() degrees o crank shaft rotation is as has been before explained, less than the total period. of opening of either of the intake or exhaust; and,. iin-der the conditions of the single ported valve7 either the intake or the ext-y liaiist valve Would at certain times register with two successive cylinder .por-ts.. lThis would be objectionable on accountfo inter connecting the cylinders. lt lconset;cantly becomes necessary to rotate the-valveljata slower speed so that the'eiztent ofthe valve ports about the centralivave shaft be Iliade vless than before.. order to :il-loar the valve to rotate at 'a'lslovver speed. and to have the ports of each cylinder opened and closedy during each tivo revolutions of the crank shaft, Ait is ,necessary to increase' the number o1" erts in the valve.

lt is' .necessary that t. e cylinder ports be arraiigedsyininetrically around the vertical axis; andl it is also necessary that the valve l por-ts be arranged -.jsyinmetrically around that axis, both ofA these conditions being requisite to uniform successive operation of the dilierent cylinders. lt is iminediatelyf seen that it the number of valve ports is increased to any even number of sets,

then two opposite cylinders, of the four, will be performing their cycles simultaneously and in the saine orden ignition of the charges in the various cylinders at appropriate times. rIhe carrier 120 may be adjusted in position through thev tions 126; the arrangement being such that the degree of advance or retard of ignition may be easily known.

In F igs.,7 and 8 I have shown the application of a inoditied form 'of valve to such a three cylinder arrangementl as is shown in- Fig. 1. This modified form of valve accomplishes many of the results of the preferred form hereinbefore described. It is a valve in a single piece rotatinguniformly and supplies a plurality of cylinders; the

main dierence between the modified valve and the one originally described being that the ports, instead of extending through the 'lat plate of the valve, extend through a raised rim of the valve. rIhe cylinder ports, instead of extending through a flat base plate upon which the flat platerevolves, extend through the cylindrical walls of inclosing casing 133 against which the raised edge vbr periphery of the modilied form of valve revolves. In these figures I have shown the extent of the various ports to be the same scribed. 'Ihe valve 21h is preferably driven:

`from below by a valve shaft 24h. 'Ihe valve 21h is composed of a central horizontal web` 130 and upper and lower rims or peripheralv The exhaust and in portions 131 and 132.

take ports 22h and 23h extend through the; rims .131 and 132, and are adapted to regis-f ter with ports 40h and 41h the cylindrical wall of the inclosure 133. The ports 40h and 41h lead into the extending through casing various cylinders 11h, 11i and 11j and the? valve 21h is rotated at one-half the speed-of the Iplate form of valve in combination with` three cylinders.

From the foregoing the relative simplicityV and efficiency of my valve construction will be readily apparent. I have utilized none.

of the ordinary cams, followers, push rods,

rocker arms andthe various other parts usually used for puppet valves; but on the other hand I utilize a simple system of uniform rotary motion which, in combinationv with the simple rotary plate valve, makes possible the positive and accurate setting of the valve.' Once the valve with its ports and the cylinder ports have been accurately designed and constructed to obtain intake,

compression, explosion und exhaust periods of the mostveiiicient proportions, it isimpossible to change the timing when once thus set. Should the valve require resetting, that operation is extremely simple, involving only the re-setting of one valve 'for a number of cylinders and invo): ing the setting of that one valve only with `regard to one given position. For instance, the piston of one cylinder may be set in its uppermost position, and the valve may then be set so that the lexhaust for that cylinder is within tive degrees (measuring by crank shaft rotation) of closing; the whole valve is then accuratelyset for the whole of the cycle for all the cylinders. It is also seen vthat the opening periodsl and the periods of full opening and the areas of opening for the intake and exhaust, respectively, ofthe several cylinders must be exactly equal; for the conditions as applied to one lcylinder are exactly duplicated in any of the others. This is in contra-distinction to a valve construction o the double sliding plate or double sliding cylinder type operated'bycams or Aeccentricsl For the reason that cams or eccentrics produce an irregular (generally a sine curve) motion, it is an arduous task therel are three .conditions which must be asm the Fig. 3; and I shall therefore herein explain only the points in which this moditied -form diii'ers from the form rst de? accurately met in setting each valve, or each part of eachvalve. The time of opening must be set, the full open area must be made a certain amount, and the `time ci' closing must be set. On a six cylinder engine having, say, a double plate valve there are twelve valve ports with cams and connecting rodseach of which must be set for each ofl the above Vmentioned conditions as .coinared with 2 or 1 .on mine., The distinctive eature of my valve, as compared with such a valve as above explained, is its simplicity and accuracy. The features I wish to particularly emphasize in this application and in the followiny claims are: (l) the arrangement ofv the cy inder ports and .valve ports, in a flat plate valve of the character described, so that the inletport set and exhaust port set are entirely independent -of each otherthat is, so that. the valve inlet port serves the cylinder inlet port alone, and the ,same of the exhaust ports; (2) the arrangement which enabled myvalve to serve a plurality 'of cylinders, with the cylinder ports arranged symmetrically about the valve axis, and preferably with the cylinder heads alsol so arranged. i

Another feature which I would herein emphasize ist-he ease'w'ith which my valve saitl base ports being arranged in common circular paths of travel about the axis of the valve so that ports of the several cylinders will be successively registered by valve port.

S. ln Combination with a plurality of Cylinders, a valve mechanism coinprisinga base with ports therein leading to the several cylinders, said port.C being arranged symmetrically about a Ccnunon axis, a Valve rotatable on said axis and having a port thereinaflapted to successively register with the ports of the several cylinders, the arrangement being such that the valve port serves each of the cylinders in succession.

9. ln combination with a plurality of oylindei's, a valve mechanism comprising a base With ports therein for the several cylinders, said ports being arranged in common cir- Copies of this patent maybe obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

